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French battleship Justice
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French battleship Justice : ウィキペディア英語版
French battleship Justice

''Justice'' was a pre-dreadnought battleship of the ''Liberté'' class built by the French Navy. She had three sister ships: ''Liberté'', ''Vérité'', and ''Démocratie''. ''Justice'' was laid down in April 1903, launched in October 1904, and completed in February 1908, over a year after the revolutionary British battleship made ships like ''Justice'' obsolete. She was armed with a main battery of four guns, compared to the ten guns of the same caliber mounted on ''Dreadnought''.
After her commissioning, ''Justice'' was assigned to the Mediterranean Fleet. In September 1909, she traveled to the United States for the Hudson-Fulton Celebration. At the outbreak of World War I in August 1914, she was assigned to the 2nd Division of the 2nd Squadron of the Mediterranean Fleet. She covered troop convoys from North Africa to France in the first days of the war, and spent the rest based at Corfu and Mudros without seeing any action. After the war ended, she participated in the Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War, though a mutiny in the French fleet in April 1919 led to the fleet's withdrawal. ''Justice'' was sold for scrapping in 1922.
==Design==
(詳細はLa Seyne shipyard in Toulon in April 1903, launched on 27 October 1904, and completed in February 1908,〔Gardiner, p. 297〕 over a year after the revolutionary British battleship , which rendered the pre-dreadnoughts like ''Justice'' outdated before they were completed.〔Gardiner & Gray, p. 21〕 The ship was long between perpendiculars and had a beam of and a full-load draft of . She displaced up to at full load. ''Justice'' had a crew of between 739 and 769 officers and enlisted men. The ship was powered by three vertical triple expansion engines with twenty-four Niclausse boilers. They were rated at and provided a top speed of . Coal storage amounted to .〔
''Justice''s main battery consisted of four Canon de 305 mm Modèle 1893/96 guns mounted in two twin gun turrets, one forward and one aft. The secondary battery consisted of ten Canon de 194 mm Modèle 1902 guns; six were mounted in single turrets, and four in casemates in the hull. She also carried thirteen 9-pounder guns and ten 3-pounders. The ship was also armed with two torpedo tubes submerged in the hull. The ship's main belt was thick and the main battery was protected by up to of armor. The conning tower had thick sides.〔

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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